Grants Pass Anniversary: A Moment to Refocus Community Response
One year ago, the U.S. Supreme Court issued its decision in Grants Pass v. Johnson, affirming that local governments had the authority to enforce certain public camping bans, even when individuals experiencing homelessness have no access to shelter. While the ruling allows jurisdictions to employ law enforcement, which could include issuing tickets or making arrests to people sleeping or camping in public spaces, decades of research tell us the most effective response to unsheltered homelessness is a pathway off the streets and into stable housing.
Across the country, local leaders are navigating rising rates of unsheltered homelessness and increasing public concern. We recognize that many policymakers want quick solutions to help individuals access the services and support they need and often prioritize temporary responses. While it is essential to create more housing that people experiencing homelessness can afford, it takes time and sustained investment. That’s why the strategies we choose in the short-term matter.
When communities rely on the law enforcement and legal system as their primary response to unsheltered homelessness, they incur significantly higher public costs and make little difference in the rate of people sleeping outside. These enforcement-based approaches often make it harder for individuals to access housing and employment due to the imposition of criminal records and fines, disrupting contact with outreach workers, and the loss of possessions like IDs and medication. In fact, failing to invest in evidence-based strategies results in missed cost offsets of approximately $6,875 per person—resources that could otherwise be redirected toward more effective solutions. Those are the facts.
CSH supports immediate, actionable strategies that connect people to outreach, short-term housing options, and essential services. These approaches work, as the City of Dallas recently proved – reaching an effective end to unsheltered homelessness.
However, short-term responses alone are not enough. To truly reduce homelessness, we must continue to press for long-term solutions like increasing housing supply – especially supportive housing, which pairs housing with services such as mental health care, substance use treatment, and tenancy support.
It is both possible and urgent that we address the rising number of people experiencing homelessness. Last year, we saw a record reduction in the number of veterans who were homeless – down almost 60% since 2010. This success is due in large part to the ongoing and increasing investment in the Veterans Administration Supportive Housing (VASH) program. If we can solve homelessness among veterans, surely, we can implement this winning approach more broadly, especially at a time when there is an alarming increase in the number of aging adults experiencing homelessness for the first time.
The anniversary of Grants Pass v. Johnson is a moment to reflect and refocus. We urge community leaders and lawmakers to prioritize responses that are grounded in evidence and designed to deliver lasting results. Now is the time to focus on what works – approaches that are accountable, fiscally responsible, and capable of delivering meaningful change.
